26 CONTOH SOAL TOEFL Section Reading: Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan

5. Which of the following statements best reflects one of Frank Lloyd Wright’s architectural principles?

(A)  Beautiful design is more important than utility.
(B)  Ecclesiastical architecture should be derived from traditional designs.
(C)  A building should fit into its surroundings.
(D)  The architecture of public buildings does not need to be revolutionary

Questions 6-16

There are two basic types of glaciers, those that flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are confined by terrain to a particular path.
The first category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be over 50,000 square kilometers of land covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they form ice shelves.
About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and Antarctica.
Any domelike body of ice that also flows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.
The second category of glaciers includes those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows outward in several directions is called an ice field. The difference between an ice field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell. St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.
Less spectacular than large ice fields are the most common types of mountain glaciers: the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down valleys, curves around their corners, and falls over cliffs.

6. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A)  Where major glaciers are located
(B)  How glaciers shape the land
(C)  How glaciers are formed
(D)  The different kinds of glaciers

7. The word “massive” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A)  huge
(B)  strange
(C)  cold
(D)  recent

8. It can be inferred that ice sheets are so named for which of the following reasons?

(A)  They are confined to mountain valleys.
(B)  They cover large areas of land.
(C)  They are thicker in some areas than in others.
(D)  They have a characteristic circular shape.

9. According to the passage, ice shelves can be found

(A)  covering an entire continent
(B)  buried within the mountains
(C)  spreading into the ocean
(D)  filling deep valleys

10. According to the passage, where was the Cordilleran Ice Sheet thickest?

(A)  Alaska
(B)  Greenland
(C)  Alberta
(D)  Antarctica

11. The word “rare” in line 12 is closest in meaning to